Why does the car air conditioner condenser absorb heat？

The car ac condenser does not absorb heat; instead, it releases heat from the refrigerant. 

When you turn on the car's air conditioning system, the refrigerant circulates through the AC system. The refrigerant starts as a low-pressure gas and enters the evaporator, located inside the car's cabin. As it passes through the evaporator, it absorbs heat from the warm air inside the car, causing the cabin air to cool down.

After absorbing heat in the evaporator, the refrigerant, now in a low-pressure gaseous state, moves to the compressor. The compressor pressurizes the gas, increasing its temperature and pressure. This is where the refrigerant starts to get hot due to the compression process.

The hot, high-pressure gas then flows to the car air conditioning condenser, typically located at the front of the vehicle, in front of the radiator. The condenser consists of thin metal tubes and fins that allow efficient heat transfer.

As the high-pressure refrigerant flows through the condenser, it releases the heat that it gained during the compression process. The heat is transferred to the surrounding air outside the car. This heat exchange causes the refrigerant to condense into a high-pressure liquid state.

The now-cooled, high-pressure liquid refrigerant then flows through the expansion valve or orifice tube, where it experiences a drop in pressure. This causes the refrigerant to become a low-pressure liquid with a lower temperature.

The low-pressure, low-temperature liquid then passes through the evaporator inside the car, where it absorbs heat from the cabin air again, repeating the cooling cycle. The process continues to maintain a comfortable temperature inside the car during hot weather.